Non-fuel nutrients include all of the following except:

The correct answer is proteins, as they are classified as macronutrients, which are essential for providing energy to the body. Non-fuel nutrients, on the other hand, are those that do not primarily provide energy but are still crucial for maintaining health and supporting metabolic processes.

Vitamins, minerals, and water are all considered non-fuel nutrients. They play vital roles in various bodily functions, including enzyme activity, immune function, and hydration, without serving as a direct source of calories or energy. In contrast, proteins are broken down into amino acids and can be used for energy if needed, along with their primary roles in building and repairing tissues. Understanding the difference between energy-providing nutrients and those that support overall health is essential for both nutrition knowledge and wellness practices.